Digesto

In most computing, “time” is an external parameter. Your operating system ticks away milliseconds, trading platforms timestamp orders, and distributed systems rely on synchronized clocks. But what if a computer, or any engineered system, could measure time from its own internal causal activity rather than an arbitrary external reference? This idea draws inspiration from the Functional Universe (FU) framework (link for the computer model here ), a conceptual model in which the universe evolves as a sequence of compositional functional states . In FU, time is not fundamental; it emerges from the succession of irreversible transitions . Applying the same principle to engineered systems, where time is counted by actual state changes rather than wall-clock ticks, opens a new paradigm in computation. Internal Clocks: Counting Transitions, Not Seconds Imagine a computer whose “clock” advances only when its internal state actually changes . Every completed computation, memory update, or mean...

Image: Katerina Holmes   We all remember how math began for us: counting blocks, fingers, or apples, writing the number “2” over and over, memorizing that 3 + 2 = 5. Arithmetic was the foundation, and numbers were treated as the most basic element of mathematical understanding. But what if that foundation is, in fact, not the most natural starting point ? What if we began math education not with numbers, but with sets and groups ? It may sound like a move reserved for graduate students or pure mathematicians, but I believe that reframing the beginning of math education around sets and structure   - rather than counting and calculation - could unlock a deeper, more intuitive, and more meaningful mathematical journey from the very beginning. Why Start with Sets? Before children ever learn to count, they’re already experts in categorizing the world. They sort toys by color or shape, they understand what belongs in the “group” called family, and they can tell the difference betwe...

For decades, banks and large financial institutions have served as the backbone of our economic systems. Their services were essential, their expertise exclusive, and their infrastructure unrivaled. But today, a new force is emerging that challenges their dominance not through confrontation, but through quiet, scalable substitution:  AI agents . AI agents are software systems that can reason, fetch data, analyze financial instruments, and produce actionable insights—all without human intervention. They don’t just replicate the work of a junior analyst or a robo-advisor; they represent a fundamental shift in who controls financial knowledge, access, and execution. This shift has major implications. It threatens to erode the fee-based models that many financial institutions rely on. It undermines the very idea of centralized financial authority. Most significantly, it lays the groundwork for a splintered financial ecosystem: a future where finance is no longer controlled by a fe...

A Surprising Personal Discovery in Frame Proportions While designing a minimalist aluminum bicycle frame, I stumbled upon something remarkable that appears to have gone unnoticed in cycling literature: the relationship between front-center and chainstay length across most mountain bike frames approximates the golden ratio (φ ≈ 1.618). This mountain bike features an almost exact golden ratio. Image: pexels.com - Jahangeer Bm - Superimposed Golden Rule vector: Wikimedia commons The front-center is the horizontal distance from the front wheel axle to the bottom bracket, while the chainstay length runs from the bottom bracket to the rear wheel axle. When you divide the front-center by the chainstay length across various bicycle types, a consistent pattern emerges. Road bikes typically show front-centers of 680-720mm with chainstays of 410-420mm, yielding ratios between 1.62 and 1.71. Mountain bikes display front-centers of 700-750mm and chainstays of 430-450mm, giv...

In an era where we casually share vacation selfies, location data, and even our DNA and heartbeat with apps and platforms, one thing we continue to fiercely protect is… our suitcase. What's in a suitcase? - Images: Grok The average piece of checked or carry-on luggage contains nothing revolutionary: a few outfits, some toiletries, maybe a laptop or paperback novel. Yet, we insist on opaque bags, as if the contents were deeply private. It’s a habit we’ve inherited, not one we’ve ever really thought about. And it may be time to ask: why? Privacy Theater: A Game We Keep Playing This instinct to hide our belongings is less about protecting personal information and more about repeating a social ritual. We cover our bags not because we need to, but because that's what everyone does. It’s behavior on autopilot. But here’s the irony, we’ve already surrendered most of our truly private data . We have already surrendered everything which is important: Our phones track us, our...

Many users choose Linux for reasons of control, transparency, and privacy. So it's worth paying attention when software quietly undermines those principles. Recently, I discovered that Dell’s Linux Assistant for Ubuntu contains built-in telemetry code,  code intended to log and send metrics about user behavior. The kicker? It fails silently due to a minor Python bug. The result is what you might call an accidental privacy enhancement . Hidden Telemetry Dell’s Linux Assistant is supposed to make life easier for Ubuntu users running Dell hardware. It manages drivers, firmware, and support tools. Nowhere in the user interface or documentation does it mention telemetry. Yet, digging into its code  or, in my case, encountering a stack trace reveals that it tries to log an event when the user closes the app: QueueMessageClient(...).LogLogMetricEvent("FRONTEND", "Dell Linux Assistant closes") This function uses a scheduler to send telemetry data: usage logs,...